Modelling And Simulation of Flat Plate Solar Collector Encompasses of Phase Change Material
Keywords:
Phase change materials, thermal energy storage, thermal conductivity, solar, flat plate solar collector, enhanced PCMAbstract
This paper studies the performance of flat plate solar collector (FPC) encapsulated with phase change material (PCM) using first principle mathematical model. PCM discretized equation based on latent heat and sensible heat were derived and implemented in MATLAB software for simulation. Different number of tubes (NT) of the PCM heat exchanger design and three types of PCMs with addition of different carbon material (paraffin, paraffin enhanced A, and paraffin enhanced B) were selected to evaluate the performance of PCM in FPC during charging and discharging processes. Heat transfer and efficiency of the FPC encapsulated with PCM are evaluated throughout these processes. Based on the simulation analysis, FPC design with 4 NT was the least efficient although it had the greatest heat transfer rate due to having higher heat transfer fluid (HTF) velocity which resulting in higher Reynolds numbers and heat transfer coefficient. FPC design with 12 NT which having efficiency of 0.84 and shorter PCM solidification time found to be the most promising design and beneficial in practice. Among three different PCMs, paraffin enhanced B with thermal conductivity of 3 W/m.K which having efficiency of 0.92 found to be the most promising PCM to be encapsulated with FPC. Besides, the discharging time of paraffin enhanced additive B was 3.8 times shorter than pure paraffin wax. The findings acquired from this study is valuable in identifying the practicality of integrated PCM with conventional FPC which utilize the PCM latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) as sustainable energy technology.
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